What are the different ways of redirecting I/O?

Unix allows the user to redirect the output of an operation instead of sending it to your screen. The user has to make used of the redirection pointer (> & >>). The various ways of redirecting the output are as follows:

- To copy the contents of one file to another:

uhunix% cat file1> file2

- To concatenate multiple files:

uhunix% cat file1 file2 file3 > newfile

- To append a file to another file:

uhunix% cat bottomfile >> appendeefile

- To redirect the input from instead of the keyboard to a file:

uhunix% mail username < letterfile