How can the total charge enclosed by the closed or covered surface be expressed using Gauss's law ?

a. By the line integral of the charge density

b. By the surface integral of the charge density

c. By the Volume integral of the charge density

d. None of the above

ANSWER: By the Volume integral of the charge density

Explanation:

Guass's law states that the total flux over the outer closed surface is always equivalent to the total charge within the surface.

Similarly, Guass's law can also be defined in terms of volume integral which states that the total charge present over the closed surface is equal to the volume integral function of the charge density.